COMMUNICATION OF THE CHILDREN WITH AUTISM IN SLBN SURAKARTA: GRICE’S COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLES

Dian Wahyunianto(1), Djatmika Djatmika(2), Dwi Purnanto(3),
(1) Universitas Sebelas Maret  Indonesia
(2) Universitas Sebelas Maret  Indonesia
(3) Universitas Sebelas Maret  Indonesia

Corresponding Author
Copyright (c) 2019 Humanus

DOI : https://doi.org/10.24036/humanus.v18i2.107170

Full Text:    Language : 

Abstract


Autism is also believed to be one of the linguistics impairment causes. Not only having problems in the language acquisition in general, but pragmatic deficit has also become serious problem of the children with autism. The objective of this study is to demonstrate how children with autism obey the Grice’s cooperative principles. There are 5 children with autism that become subjects of this study. Those 5 children are specifically children with autism that is categorized as verbal autism children. The data are speech produced by the children with autism in the class. Data collection is done by recording and followed by transcribing. It is analyzed using Grice’s cooperative principles with 4 maxims to be obeyed. The results showed that most of the utterances produced by the children with autism obeying 2 maxims with the most frequent maxim to be obeyed was maxim of quantity.

References


Baron-Cohen, S. (2008). The Facts: Autism and Asperger Syndorme (1st ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.

Baron-cohen, S., & Bolton, P. (1993). Autism: The Facts. New York: Oxford University Press.

Birner, B. J. (2013). Introduction to Pragmatics. West-Sussex: Willey-Blackwell.

Dornyei, Z. (2007). Research Method in Applied Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Ezmar, & Ramli. (2014). Bahasa Anak Autis pada SLB Cinta Mandiri Lhoksumawe. Jurnal Metamorfosa, 2(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004

Frith, U. (2008). Autism : Very Short Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press.

Grice, H. P. (1989). Studies in the Way of Words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Grossman, R. B., Bemis, R. H., Skwerer, D. P., & Tager-Flusberg, H. (2010). Lexical and affective prosody in children with high-functioning Autism. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 53(3), 778–793. https://doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2009/08-0127)

Hadis, A. (2006). Pendidikan Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Huang, Y. (2007). Pragmatics. New York: Oxford University Press.

Jones, C. D., & Schwartz, I. S. (2009). When asking questions is not enough: An observational study of social communication differences in high functioning children with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39(3), 432–443. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-008-0642-y

Lam, Y. G., & Yeung, S. S. S. (2012). Towards a convergent account of pragmatic language deficits in children with high-functioning autism: Depicting the phenotype using the pragmatic rating scale. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 6(2), 792–797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2011.08.004

Larkin, F., Hobson, J. A., Hobson, R. P., & Tolmie, A. (2017). Collaborative competence in dialogue: Pragmatic language impairment as a window onto the psychopathology of autism. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 43–44(September), 27–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2017.09.004

Leech, G. (1993). Prinsip-prinsip Pragmatik. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia Press.

Loveland, K. A., Landry, S. H., Hughes, S. O., Hall, S. K., & McEvoy, R. E. (1988). Speech acts and the pragmatic deficits of autism. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 31(4), 593–604. https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3104.593

Paul, R., Bianchi, N., Augustyn, A., Klin, A., & Volkmar, F. R. (2008). Production of syllable stress in speakers with autism spectrum disorders. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2(1), 110–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2007.04.001

Peeters, T. (2012). Panduan Autisme Terlengkap. Jakarta: Dian Rakyat Press.

Rakasiwi, R. A., Putra, I. B., & Suandi, N. (2014). Penerapan Prinsip Kerja Sama dan Prinsip Kesantunan pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan Pendekatan Saintifik oleh Siswa Kelas IV SD Jembatan Budaya. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, 3(1). Retrieved from http://oldpasca.undiksha.ac.id/e-journal/index.php/jurnal_bahasa/article/view/1427

Rubin, E., & Lennon, L. (2004). Challenges in social communication in Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism. Topics in Language Disorders, 24(4), 271–285. https://doi.org/10.1097/00011363-200410000-00005

Sari, H. C. (2013). Pengaruh Dongeng terhadap Kemampuan Bicara Anak Autis Disertai Gangguan Bahasa di SDLB Shanti Kosala, Nganjuk. Jurnal Pendidikan Khusus, 1(1).

Sastra, G. (2011). Neurolinguistik: Suatu Pengantar. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Sastry, A., & Aguirre, B. (2014). Parenting Anak dengan Autisme: Solusi, Strategi, dan Saran. Praktis Umum untuk Membantu Keluraga Anda. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar Indonesia.

Shriberg, L. D., Paul, R., McSweeny, J. L., Klin, A., Cohen, D. J., & Volkmar, F. R. (2001). Speech and prosody characteristics of adolescents and adults with high-functioning autism and Asperger syndrome. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 44(5), 1097–1115. https://doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2001/087)

Shriberg, Lawrence D., Paul, R., Black, L. M., & Van Santen, J. P. (2011). The hypothesis of apraxia of speech in children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41(4), 405–426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1117-5

Subroto, E. (2007). Pengantar Metode Penelitian Linguistik Struktural. Surakrata: UNS Press.

Sudaryanto. (1993). Metoda dan Aneka Teknik Analisis Bahasa. Yogyakarta: Duta Wacana University Press.

Sussman, S., & Sklar, J. L. (1969). The Social Awareness of Autistic Children. American Journal of Orthophyciatrist, 39(798–806).

Veskarisyanti, G. A. (2008). 12 Terapi Autis Paling Efektif & Hemat untuk Autisme, Hiperatif, & Retardasi Mental. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Anggrek.

Yistiana, R. A., Sudiana, I. N., & Indriana, M. S. (2014). Penggunaan Prinsip Kerja Sama dalam Kegiatan Berbicara Siswa Kelas VIII di MTs. Al-Khairiyah Tegallinggah Kecamatan Sukasada. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia Undiksha, 2(1). Retrieved from https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JJPBS/article/view/2524/


Article Metrics

 Abstract Views : 692 times
 PDF Downloaded : 271 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2019 Humanus

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.