The Reflection of Proto-Austronesia to Sula: Preliminary Testing of Hypothesis Collins (1981)

Burhanuddin Burhanuddin Burhanuddin

The Reflection of Proto-Austronesia to Sula: Preliminary Testing of Hypothesis Collins (1981)

Burhanuddin Burhanuddin Burhanuddin⁽¹⁾,
(1) Universitas Mataram

Indonesia

Corresponding Author
Copyright (c) 2020 Humanus

Full Text:

Language : en

Abstract

Collins (1981) proposed evidence regarding the kinship of languages (ambelau, buru, sula and taliabo) and grouped them into middle-east Maluku group based on the qualitative evidence. However, the evidence is limited and not convincing. This article intends to explain Proto-Austronesian (PAN) reflexes to Sula language and their relation to Collins Hypothesis (1981) about the West-Central Maluku Subgroup. Field data collection has been carried out in the Sula Islands, especially Fatche isolates in the form of 200 basic vocabulary and 800 cultural vocabulary and Collins study (1981). The collected data was analyzed using a joint innovation top-down approach. The results showed that there was a regular and irregular change in PAN phonemes into Sula language. A PAN phoneme changes regularly and irregularly at once. PAN phonemes that undergo regular changes are * p, * t, * C, * k, * ʔ, * b, * d, * m, * n, * ŋ, * s, * S, * i, * a, * u, * ǝ * uy, and * ay, while those who do not experience regularly are * z, * j, * N, * h, * R, * r, and * w. PAN reflexes into Sula in some respects show a different pattern of change from the evidence put forward by Collins (1981). This does not mean negating Collins's (1981) hypothesis of the family tree of the group, but other relevant evidence needs to be identified. In addition, PAN's reflexes to Sula were found to be the same as Collins's (1981) proposed evidence of the historical relations of the West- Central Maluku Subgroup.

Keywords

reflex PAN, Collins hypothesis (1981), shared innovations, historical relationship.

References

Blust, R. A. (2013). The Austronesian Languages. Revision Edition. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.

Blust, R. A. (1978). Eastern Malayo-Polynesian: a subgrouping argument. Pacific Linguistics Series C Number 61, page 181-234. In S.A. Wurm and Lois Carrington (eds). Second international conference on Austronesian linguistics proceedings. Canberra: Department of Linguistics, Research Schools of Pacific Studies, The Australian National University.

Blust, R. A. and S. Trussel. (2015). Austronesian Comparative Dictionary. Available online at

ww.trussel2.com/ACD .

Burhanuddin, Sumarlam, & Mahsun. (2017). Kedudukan Bahasa Gebe di Halmahera Tengah Maluku Utara: Studi Pendahuluan Dari Aspek Linguistik Historis. In Jurnal Arkhais Volume 8 Nomor 1. Jakarta: Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni Universitas Negeri Jakarta.

Burhanuddin; Ahmadi, N., & Yulida, R. (2017). Reflex PAN to Buli In North Maluku. In Proceding Sixth International Conference on Languages and Arts (ICLA 2017), Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 148. Published by Atlantis Press.

Burhanuddin. (2017). Internal Innovation of Taba in Northern Maluku Historical Linguistics Perspective. Humanus: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-ilmu Humaniora, 16(2), 239-347.

Burhanuddin, Sumarlam, & Mahsun. (2019). The Complexity of Phonological Change in South Halmahera Languages. Dialectologia, 7(22), 1-16.

Collins, J. T. (1981). Preliminary Notes on Proto-West Central Maluku: Buru, Sula, Taliabo, and Ambelau. In Historical Linguistics in Indonesia Part I Journal. Seri NUSA. Jakarta: Universitas Atma Jaya.

Kamholz, D. C. (2014). Austronesians in Papua: Diversification and Change in South Halmahera-West New Guinea. Disertasi for Doctor of Philosophy. Berkeley: University of California.

Sumarlam, Purnanto D., Djatmika, & Burhanuddin. (2017a). Reflexes of Proto Austronesia into Buru Language: Preliminary Step of Testing Collins Hypothesis (1981). In Proceding Sixth International Conference on Languages and Arts (ICLA 2017), Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 148. Published by Atlantis Press.

Sumarlam, Purnanto, D., Djatmika, dan Burhanuddin. (2017b). Urgensi Studi Linguistik Historis Terhadap Kelompok Maluku Tengah Barat: Beberapa Catatan Studi Pendahuluan Collins (1981). Jurnal Arkhais Volume 8, Nomor 2..

Sumarlam, Purnanto, D., Burhanuddin, & Muhammad H H. (2018). Reflex Proto-Austronesia To Ambelau In West Central Maluku Group: The Effort To Test The Hipotesis Collins (1981). In Proceding 4th PRASASTI International Conference on Recent Linguistics Research, Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 166. Published by Atlantis Press.