Towards Green ELT: An Education for Sustainable Development-Driven Analysis of Environmental Behavior, Technology Integration, and Language Competence

Ridha Deprianita(1), Anita Triastuti(2), Rizky Amelia(3), Murodjon Atakuziev(4),
(1) Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta  Indonesia
(2) Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta  Indonesia
(3) Politeknik Negeri Banjarmasin  Indonesia
(4) Tajik International University of Foreign Languages named after Sotim Ulughzoda  Tajikistan

Corresponding Author
Copyright (c) 2026 Lingua Didaktika: Jurnal Bahasa dan Pembelajaran Bahasa

DOI : https://doi.org/10.24036/ld.v20i1.136549

Full Text:    Language : en

Abstract


This study investigates how environmental science integration, value, pro-environmental behavior, and technology integration contribute to English language competence. The researchers used PLS-SEM with 5,000 bootstrap resamples for the data analysis of 624 senior high school students in South Kalimantan through a questionnaire containing 21 items. The measurement model showed satisfactory reliability and validity, while the structural model revealed some significant relationships. The findings demonstrated that ESI significantly enhances TI (β = 0.258, p < 0.001), and VPB also significantly enhances TI (β = 0.383, p < 0.001). This supports that environmental interaction and values are important drivers for the willingness of students to use digital technology in learning. At the same time, TI significantly predicts LC (β = 0.440, p < 0.001), showing that technology is a pathway to improving language competence within an ESD-oriented framework. These findings have implications for theorizing the integration of ESD and technology-enhanced language learning by showing how environmental engagement and digital practices intersect in support of language development. The study also has practical implications for teachers and policymakers in incorporating environmental themes and digital tools in the teaching of English in order to simultaneously foster sustainability awareness and strengthen language competence.


Keywords


Green ELT; Education for Sustainable Development; Environmental Behavior; Technology Integration; Language Competence

References


Al-Hattami, H. M. (2023). Understanding Perceptions of Academics Toward Technology Acceptance in Accounting Education. Heliyon, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13141

Alsuwaihel, O. E. (2024). Predicting Quality of English Language Teaching Through Augmented Reality Competencies and TPACK Model Components among Kuwaiti Undergraduates. Contemporary Educational Technology, 16(4), 1–15.

Amelia, R., & Chandra, N. E. (2021). Developing Teaching Materials of Indonesian for Speakers of Other Languages Based on Wetland Environment. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 758(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/758/1/012003

Anggereini, E., & Yelianti, U. (2023). Student’s Responses to Pro-environmental Behavior-based Learning and Its Effect on Interest and Critical Thinking. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran, 56(1), 126–138. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpp.v56i1.50166

Arini, D. N., & Fadilla, R. (2021). Teachers’ Perception in Developing Wetlands-Based Materials for English for Young Learners Classrooms. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research.

Arslan, S., & Curle, S. (2024). Institutionalising English as a Foreign Language Teachers for Global Sustainability: Perceptions of Education for Sustainable Development in Turkey. International Journal of Educational Research, 125(February), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2024.102353

Asgher, T., Saleem, M., & Ilyas, A. (2021). Ecolinguistics: Integrating Environmental Education in Teaching English as Second Language. Pakistan Languages and Humanities Review, 5(2), 705–715. https://doi.org/10.47205/plhr.2021(5-ii)1.54

Asmayawati, Yufiarti, & Yetti, E. (2024). Pedagogical Innovation and Curricular Adaptation in Enhancing Digital Literacy: A Local Wisdom Approach for Sustainable Development in Indonesia Context. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100233

Ballance, O. J. (2023). Sampling and Randomisation in Experimental and Quasi-Experimental CALL Studies: Issues and Recommendations for Design, Reporting, Review, and Interpretation. ReCALL. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0958344023000162

Bulut, B., & Elci Oksuzoglu, I. (2025). Teachers’ Beliefs About Education for Sustainable Development: Challenges and Opportunities †. Sustainability (Switzerland), 17(16). https://doi.org/10.3390/su17167552

Chand, K., Daniel, E., Yi, K. P., & Sivapalan, S. (2025). Mission 4.7 Building the Capacities of Educators in Education for Sustainable Development (Issue May).

Davis, F. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology. JSTOR, 13(3).

Febriyanti, E. R., & Hidayat, F. (2023). Developing Picture Storybook in English with Wetlands Theme for Young Learners. Acitya: Journal of Teaching and Education, 5(1), 171–187. https://doi.org/10.30650/ajte.v5i1.3515

Gu, L. (2025). How Technology Influences English Learning Attainment Among Chinese Students. Acta Psychologica, 253(September 2024). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.104740

Hair. Jr. J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7

Hasrina, N., Yanti, L. A., & Kamarullah, K. (2024). Integrating Environmental Themes into English Language Teaching: Current Practices and Future Strategies. Journal on Education, 7(2), 9455–9465. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v7i2.7906

Jiang, L. (2024). Digital Technology Boosts the Construction of English Smart Classroom in Colleges and Universities. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 9(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.2478/amns-2024-0658

Jung, C. D., & Santos, L. M. Dos. (2022). Incorporating Environmentally-Responsive EFL Pedagogy in English-as-a-Foreign Language Classrooms: Paving the Way for Global Impact. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 987(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/987/1/012017

Kazazoglu, S. (2025). Environmental Education Through Eco-Literacy: Integrating Sustainability into English Language Teaching. Sustainability (Switzerland), 17(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/su17052156

Kleemann, C. (2021). Pedagogical Translanguaging to Create Sustainable Minority Language Practices in Kindergarten. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13073613

Leal Filho, W., Raath, S., Lazzarini, B., Vargas, V. R., de Souza, L., Anholon, R., Quelhas, O. L. G., Haddad, R., Klavins, M., & Orlovic, V. L. (2018). The role of transformation in learning and education for sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 199, 286–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.07.017

Listia, R., Muth’im, A., Elyani, E. P., Wiranda, N., & Amelia, R. (2023). Borneo Wetlands Mobile Application Using Case Method on Wetland Environment Reading Material. International Journal of Social Science and Human Research, 6(12). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v6-i12-25

Maghfiroh, A., Dewi, D., Mustikawati, D., & Subangun, S. (2024). Eco-Friendly Classroom: Environmentally-Based Language Teaching for Sustainable Community. 5th Borobudur International Symposium on Humanities and Social Science, 1, 1–9.

Malik, A., Abrar, D., Khan, N. A., & Alhussami, A. M. (2025). Sustainable Development Goals: Students’ Perception on Quality Education, Gender Equality, and Sustainability. Discover Sustainability, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01288-5

Mestawot, B. T., & Kopp, E. (2025). Education for Sustainable Development : Analyzing Research Trends in Higher Education for Sustainable Development Goals Through Bibliometric Analysis. Discover Sustainability, 51(6). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-024-00711-7

Mutammimah, H., Rejeki, S., Kustini, S., & Amelia, R. (2024). Understanding Teachers’ Perspective Toward ChatGPT Acceptance in English Language Teaching. International Journal of Technology in Education, 7(2), 290–307. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijte.656

Ngo, D., & Le-Khanh, H. (2025). Language Education for Sustainable Development: The Role of ESD in English Language Education and Textbooks. International Journal of Research Studies in Education, 14(2), 157–166. https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrse.2025.25816

Nur, S., Anas, I., & Pilu, R. (2022). The Call for Environmentally-Based Language Teaching and Green Pedagogy: Climate Actions in Language Education. Elsya : Journal of English Language Studies, 4(1), 77–85. https://doi.org/10.31849/elsya.v4i1.9526

Ostiz-Blanco, M., Bernacer, J., Garcia-Arbizu, I., Diaz-Sanchez, P., Rello, L., Lallier, M., &

Arrondo, G. (2021). Improving Reading Through Videogames and Digital Apps: A Systematic Review. In Frontiers in Psychology (Vol. 12). Frontiers Media S.A. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.652948

Ou, K. L., Chu, S. T., & Tarng, W. (2021). Development of a Virtual Wetland Ecological System Using VR 360◦ Panoramic Technology for Environmental Education. Land, 10(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/land10080829

Pikhart, M., Klimova, B., & Al-Obaydi, L. H. (2024). Exploring University Students’ Preferences and Satisfaction in Utilizing Digital Tools for Foreign Language Learning. Frontiers in Education, 9(7), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1412377

Qi, S., Niu, M., & Guan, Z. (2025). Promoting Pro-Environmental Behavior Among University Students Through Sustainability Education and Institutional Support : A Mediated Moderation Model. Sustainability, 17, 1–21.

Raphael, E. B., & Nandanan, S. L. (2024). Green English Language Teaching and EFL Textbooks: Fostering Environmental Consciousness in Language Education. International Journal of Multidisciplinary, 9(4), 108–119. https://doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2024.v09.n04.013

Roy, R., Rao, G. A., Pal, D., Anuradha, S., & Mukherjee, S. (2025). Metaverse-Based Education for Sustainable Development and Improving the Performance: Discussing the Future Research Agenda. Sustainable Futures, 10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101091

Said, M. N. M., Bakray, N. ’Aqilah M., & Harun, S. N. (2023). Greening Education for Sustainable Development in Southeast Asian Countries (M. Y. Choi & Z. Gunawan, Eds.).

Saiful, J. A. (2020). New Innovation in English Language Teaching: Revealing Concepts and Applications of ECO-ELT. Tell : Teaching of English Language and Literature Journal, 8(1), 63. https://doi.org/10.30651/tell.v8i1.4604

Saiful, J. A. (2023). Eco-ELT for Environmental Research and Praxis in ELT. Journal on English as a Foreign Language, 13(2), 373–398. https://doi.org/10.23971/jefl.v13i2.6335

Sarstedt, M. (2019). Revisiting Hair Et al.’s Multivariate Data Analysis: 40 Years Later. In The Great Facilitator (pp. 113–119). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06031-2_15

Seraj, P. M. I. (2024). Green Technology in Language Teaching and Learning for Sustainable Environment: A Review Study. BIO Web of Conferences, 144. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202414404006

Shafiei, A., & Maleksaeidi, H. (2020). Pro-Environmental Behavior of University Students: Application of Protection Motivation Theory. Global Ecology and Conservation, 22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e00908

Sholahuddin, A., Fitriyana, R., Sya’ban, M. F., & Sadiqin, I. K. (2021). Students’ Caring Attitudes to Wetland Environment: A Case of Environmental Education in Banjar District Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 10(1), 149–158. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v10i1.27838

Suppasetseree, S., Kumdee, S., & Ho Minh, T. (2023). Supporting Student Engagement with Technology: Findings from a Study of an Online Personal Learning Environment for Extensive Listening. LEARN Journal: Language Education and Acquisition Research Network, 16(2), 220–240. https://so04.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/LEARN/index

Susanti, A., Rachmajanti, S., Suryati, N., & Astuti, U. (2025). Digital Teaching Tools: An ELT Methods E-Module to Foster Critical Thinking Skills for English Student Teachers in Indonesia. International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies, 8(3), 2292–2305. https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v8i3.6985

Tabasi, Y., Tondowala, I. B., Tupamahu, M. S., Sigilipu, F. P. S., & Ayu Kartika Septiana, K. (2024). The Effectiveness of Technology-Enhanced Learning Tools in English Language Education. Journal on Education, 6(4), 21589–21601. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v6i4.6308

Tang, F. (2024). Understanding the Role of Digital Immersive Technology in Educating the Students of English Language: Does It Promote Critical Thinking and Self-Directed Learning for Achieving Sustainability in Education with the Help of Teamwork? BMC Psychology, 12(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01636-6

Twyman, J. S. (2018). Digital Technologies in Support of Personalized Learning. In Center on Innovations in Learning (Issue October).

Yang, M. (2024). Fostering EFL university students’ motivation and self-regulated learning in writing: A socio-constructivist approach. System, 124(June). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103386

Yıldırım, M., & Aytan, T. (2025). Greening Language Learning Pathways: Three Sustainable Practices Using the STAR Framework. Sustainability, 17(5), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17052046

Zhao, Y., Liu, X., & Han, X. (2024). Enhancing Pro-Environmental Behavior Through Nature-Contact Environmental Education: an Empirical Analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Experiment Design. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 12(December), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1491780


Article Metrics

 Abstract Views : 13 times
 PDF Downloaded : 13 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2026 Lingua Didaktika: Jurnal Bahasa dan Pembelajaran Bahasa

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.