Rasisme dan Pendidikan di Amerika Serikat: Diskriminasi dalam Cerpen The Kind of Light that Shines on Texas Karya Reginald McKnight

Ajeng Restiyani; Suma Riella Rusdiarti

doi:10.24036/jbs.v11i1.122530

Rasisme dan Pendidikan di Amerika Serikat: Diskriminasi dalam Cerpen The Kind of Light that Shines on Texas Karya Reginald McKnight

Ajeng Restiyani, Suma Riella Rusdiarti

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membongkar diskriminasi rasial dan dampaknya pada tokoh-tokoh anak ras kulit hitam Afrika-Amerika dalam cerpen The Kind of Light that Shines on Texas (1992) karya Reginald McKnight. Dalam konteks cerpen ini, diskriminasi terhadap anak-anak ras kulit hitam terjadi tidak hanya pada tatanan masyarakat umum, tapi juga di lingkungan pendidikan formal, yaitu sekolah. Penelitian ini membahas diskriminasi rasial yang terjadi di lingkungan sekolah Texas-Amerika dalam cerpen dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan mengaplikasikan kritik poskolonial Frantz Fanon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya dampak diskriminasi rasial pada tokoh-tokoh anak ras kulit hitam meliputi internalisasi rasisme sebagai efek warisan kolonialisme dan terjadinya pengukuhan diskriminasi rasial di lingkungan sekolah sebagai praktik neokolonialisme. Kedua hal tersebut berdampak kuat pada kondisi psikologis tokoh-tokoh anak ras kulit hitam yang kemudian memunculkan resistensi terhadap diskriminasi. Bentuk-bentuk resistensi tokoh-tokoh anak ras kulit hitam meliputi kemampuan intelektual, usaha untuk setara, kekuatan fisik dan ketegasan sikap.

Keywords

anak-anak ras kulit hitam, diskriminasi, pendidikan, poskolonial, resistensi

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24036/jbs.v11i1.122530