Perkembangan Faktor-faktor Penyebab Korupsi: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis pada Dua Dekade Terakhir

Abstract

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine and identify the key factors that influence the level of corruption globally over the past two decades, with the aim of providing insights for more effective anti-corruption strategies.

Design/methodology/approach – This research utilizes a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology, analyzing 70 relevant articles to identify economic, socio-cultural, and institutional factors that significantly impact corruption levels.

Findings – The study finds that economic factors such as per capita income, financial sector development, and cash availability are closely correlated with corruption levels. Additionally, socio-cultural factors including cultural norms, family structure, and social contagion play pivotal roles in creating environments that either promote or inhibit corrupt practices. Furthermore, institutional factors such as business regulations, public management, and parliamentary oversight are identified as crucial in reducing corruption levels.

Originality/value –  This research offers a comprehensive synthesis of the diverse factors affecting corruption, contributing original insights by highlighting the multidimensional nature of these influences. The findings provide valuable guidance for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to develop more effective anti-corruption measures.

Research limitations/implications – The study is limited to the analysis of existing literature and may benefit from future empirical studies to validate the findings in specific contexts. Additionally, further research could explore the interactions between these factors to develop more nuanced anti-corruption strategies.

Keywords: Corruption, Systematic Literature Review, Determinants of Corruption