PERAN LITERASI KESEHATAN MENTAL, LOKUS KONTROL, DAN GENDER TERHADAP SIKAP MENCARI BANTUAN PROFESIONAL PSIKOLOGI PADA MAHASISWA

I Dewa Ayu Srideswari Putri(1), Ni Made Ari Wilani(2),
(1) Program Studi Sarjana Psikologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana  Indonesia
(2)  

Corresponding Author
Copyright (c) 2022 I Dewa Ayu Srideswari Putri

DOI : https://doi.org/10.24036/rapun.v13i2.119029

Full Text:    Language : en

Abstract


As an undergraduate student, individuals are faced with various challenges and risk to experience psychological problems. The positive attitude toward seeking professional psychological help is needed by students to have a tendency to seek rather than refuse professional help so that they can solve psychological problems that have been experienced. Individual attitudes toward seeking professional help are influenced by several factors such as mental health literacy, locus of control, and gender. This study is aimed to determine the role of mental health literacy, locus of control, and gender toward attitudes to seek professional psychological help on undergraduate students in Bali. This study was conducted using a quantitative survey method with the research subjects were 318 undergraduate students at universities in Bali aged 18-25 years and domiciled in Bali. The results of the multiple regression test showed that there were roles of mental health literacy, locus of control, and gender in increasing the attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help (F=24,040; p=0,000<0,05). Mental health literacy, locus of control, and gender also partially played a role in increasing attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help (mental health literacy: t=5,749, p=0,000; internal locus of control: t=4,147, p=0,000; external locus of control: t=2,236, p=0,026; gender: t=3,222, p=0,001). The implication of this research is to provide consideration for issues that prevent students from seeking professional psychological help.

Keywords


Gender; locus of control; mental health literacy; professional help-seeking; undergraduate student

References


Al-Bahrani, M. (2014). Psychological help-seeking attitude and locus of control among college student. Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies, 8(4), 596–604. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24200/jeps.vol8iss4pp596-604

Al Omari, O., Khalaf, A., Al Sabei, S., Al Hashmi, I., Al Qadire, M., Joseph, M., & Damra, J. (2022). Facilitators and barriers of mental health help-seeking behaviours among adolescents in Oman: A cross-sectional study. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 1–11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2022.2038666

Andrews, S. L., Stefurak, J. T., & Mehta, S. (2011). Between a rock and a hard place? Locus of control, religious problem-solving and psychological help-seeking. Mental Health, Religion and Culture, 14(9), 855–876. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2010.533369

Arora, P. G., Metz, K., & Carlson, C. I. (2016). Attitudes toward professional psychological help seeking in South Asian students: Role of stigma and gender. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 44(4), 263–284. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/jmcd.12053

Burr, V. (1998). Gender and social psychology. London: Routledge.

Cadaret, M. C., & Speight, S. L. (2018). An exploratory study of attitudes toward psychological help seeking among African American men. Journal of Black Psychology, 44(4), 347–370. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0095798418774655

Chen, P., Liu, X. J., Wang, X. Q., Yang, B. X., Ruan, J., & Liu, Z. (2020). Attitude toward seeking professional psychological help among community-dwelling population in China. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11(417), 1–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00417

Cheng, H. L., Wang, C., McDermott, R. C., Kridel, M., & Rislin, J. L. (2018). Self‐stigma, mental health literacy, and attitudes toward seeking psychological help. Journal of Counseling and Development, 96(1), 64–74. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12178

Eigenhuis, E., Waumans, R. C., Muntingh, A. D. T., Westerman, M. J., van Meijel, M., Batelaan, N. M., & van Balkom, A. (2021). Facilitating factors and barriers in help-seeking behaviour in adolescents and young adults with depressive symptoms: A qualitative study. PLoS ONE, 16(3), 1–20. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247516

Fischer, E. H., & Turner, J. L. B. (1970). Orientations to seeking professional help: Development and research utility of an attitude scale. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 35(1), 79–90. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/h0020198

Friedman, H. S., & Schustack, M. W. (2016). Personality: Classic theories and modern research (6th ed.). New York: Pearson.

Gebreegziabher, Y., Girma, E., & Tesfaye, M. (2019). Help-seeking behavior of Jimma university students with common mental disorders: A cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE, 14(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0212657

Gravetter, F. J., & Forzano, L. B. (2016). Research methods for the behavioral sciences (5th ed.). Stamford: Cengage Learning.

Handayani, T., Ayubi, D., & Anshari, D. (2020). Literasi kesehatan mental orang dewasa dan penggunaan pelayanan kesehatan mental. Perilaku Dan Promosi Kesehatan: Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior, 2(1), 9–17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47034/ppk.v2i1.3905

Heinsch, M., Sampson, D., Huens, V., Handley, T., Hanstock, T., Harris, K., & Kay-Lambkin, F. (2020). Understanding ambivalence in help-seeking for suicidal people with comorbid depression and alcohol misuse. PLoS ONE, 15(4), 1–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231647

Hishan, S. S., Jaiprakash, H., Ramakrishnan, S., Mohanraj, J., Shanker, J., & Keong, L. B. (2018). Prevalence and socio-demographic association of depression, anxiety and stress among university students. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 7(2.29), 688–691. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.29.13998

Ibrahim, N., Safien, A. M., Siau, C. S., & Shahar, S. (2020). The effectiveness of a depression literacy program on stigma and mental help-seeking among adolescents in Malaysia: A control group study with 3-month follow-up. Inquiry: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing, 57, 1–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0046958020902332

Joan, C., Finson, B., & Wilson, K. (2021). Challenges that students face at the university that may require counselling. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(9), 18–34. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v11-i9/10968

Jorm, A. F. (2000). Mental health literacy: Public knowledge and beliefs about mental disorders. British Journal of Psychiatry, 177(5), 396–401. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.177.5.396

Jorm, A. F. (2012). Mental health literacy: Empowering the community to take action for better mental health. American Psychologist, 67(3), 231–243. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025957

Jung, H., von Sternberg, K., & Davis, K. (2016). Expanding a measure of mental health literacy: Development and validation of a multicomponent mental health literacy measure. Psychiatry Research, 243, 278–286. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2016.06.034

Kirsh, S. J., Duffy, K. G., & Atwater, E. (2014). Psychology for living: Adjustment, growth, and behavior today (11th ed.). New York: Pearson.

Kleinberg, A., Aluoja, A., & Vasar, V. (2013). Social support in depression: Structural and functional factors, perceived control and help-seeking. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 22(4), 345–353. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796013000504

Kutcher, S., Bagnell, A., & Wei, Y. (2015). Mental health literacy in secondary schools. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 24(2), 233–244. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2014.11.007

Larsen, R., & Buss, D. M. (2018). Personality psychology: Domains of knowledge about human nature (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Education.

Lumaksono, N. A. P., Lestari, P., & Karimah, A. (2020). Does mental health literacy influence help-seeking behavior in medical students? Biomolecular and Health Science Journal, 3(1), 45–48. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20473/bhsj.v3i1.19093

Maya, N. (2021). Kontribusi literasi kesehatan mental dan persepsi stigma publik terhadap sikap mencari bantuan profesional psikologi. Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology (GamaJoP), 7(1), 22–32. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/gamajop.58470

Mohammad, C. (2020, November 29). Detik-detik mahasiswi Bali tewas loncat dari lantai 4 hotel di Jimbaran. INewsBali.Id. Retrieved from https://bali.inews.id/berita/detik-detik-mahasiswi-bali-tewas-loncat-dari-lantai-4-hotel-di-jimbaran

Nam, S. K., Chu, H. J., Lee, M. K., Lee, J. H., Kim, N., & Lee, S. M. (2010). A meta-analysis of gender differences in attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help. Journal of American College Health, 59(2), 110–116. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2010.483714

Nohr, L., Ruiz, A. L., Ferrer, J. E. S., & Buhlmann, U. (2021). Mental health stigma and professional help-seeking attitudes a comparison between Cuba and Germany. PLoS ONE, 16(2), 1–24. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246501

Nurdiyanto, F. A., Wulandari, R. M., & Wodong, G. M. A. (2021). Attitudes toward Seeking professional psychological help: Adaptation and evaluation of ATSPPH-SF using the Rasch Model. Jurnal Psikologi, 48(3), 256–274. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.65541

Nurfadilah, Rahmadani, A., & Ulum, B. (2021). Profil sikap mencari bantuan layanan psikologis pada mahasiswa. Aspirasi: Jurnal Masalah-Masalah Sosial, 12(1), 15–30. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.46807/aspirasi.v12i1.2030

Oladipo, S. E., & Oyenuga, T. O. (2013). Psycho-demographic predictors of psychological help-seeking behaviour of undergraduates. International Journal of Development and Sustainability, 2(2), 697–703.

Oluyinka, O. (2011). Psychological predictors of attitude towards seeking professional psychological help in a Nigerian university student population. South African Journal of Psychology, 41(3), 310–327. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/008124631104100306

Perenc, L., & Radochonski, M. (2016). Psychological predictors of seeking help from mental health practitioners among a large sample of polish young adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13(11), 1049. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13111049

Radez, J., Reardon, T., Creswell, C., Lawrence, P. J., Evdoka-Burton, G., & Waite, P. (2021). Why do children and adolescents (not) seek and access professional help for their mental health problems? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 30(2), 183–211. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-019-01469-4

Rasyida, A. (2019). Faktor yang menjadi hambatan untuk mencari bantuan psikologis formal di kalangan mahasiswa. Persona: Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 8(2), 193–207. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30996/persona.v8i2.2586

Rickwood, D. J., Deane, F. P., & Wilson, C. J. (2007). When and how do young people seek professional help for mental health problems? The Medical Journal of Australia, 187(7), S35–S39. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2007.tb01334.x

Roddenberry, A., & Renk, K. (2010). Locus of control and self-efficacy: Potential mediators of stress, illness, and utilization of health services in college students. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 41, 353–370. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-010-0173-6

Rosidin, I. (2021, March 27). Diduga terjerat pinjaman online, mahasiswi di Denpasar tewas gantung diri. Kompas.Com. Retrieved from https://regional.kompas.com/read/2021/03/27/162137978/diduga-terjerat-pinjaman-online-mahasiswi-di-denpasar-tewas-gantung-diri?page=all

Schultz, D. P., & Schultz, S. E. (2017). Theories of personality (11th ed.). Boston: Cengage Learning.

Sekretariat Sustainable Development Goals Indonesia. (n.d.). Kesetaraan gender: Mencapai kesetaraan gender dan memberdayakan kaum perempuan. Retrieved from Kementerian PPN/Bappenas website: https://sdgs.bappenas.go.id/tujuan-5/

Shi, W., Shen, Z., Wang, S., & Hall, B. J. (2020). Barriers to professional mental health help-seeking among Chinese adults: A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 1–11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00442

Susanti, R. (2019, October 12). 20 persen mahasiswa di Bandung berpikir serius untuk bunuh diri. Kompas.Com. Retrieved from https://regional.kompas.com/read/2019/10/12/19563181/20-persen-mahasiswa-di-bandung-berpikir-serius-untuk-bunuh-diri?page=1

Suwartono. (2014). Dasar-dasar metodologi penelitian. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Andi.

Symonds, T. (1998). Pain: Psychological aspects. In M. Pitts & K. Phillips (Eds.), The psychology of health (2nd ed., pp. 109–127). New York: Routledge.

Tang, F., Byrne, M., & Qin, P. (2018). Psychological distress and risk for suicidal behavior among university students in contemporary China. Journal of Affective Disorders, 228, 101–108. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.12.005

Tay, J. L., Tay, Y. F., & Klainin-Yobas, P. (2018). Mental health literacy levels. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 32(5), 757–763. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2018.04.007

Topkaya, N. (2014). Gender, self-stigma, and public stigma in predicting attitudes toward psychological help seeking. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 14(2), 480–487. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2014.2.1799

Umubyeyi, A., Mogren, I., Ntaganira, J., & Krantz, G. (2016). Help-seeking behaviours, barriers to care and self-efficacy for seeking mental health care: A population-based study in Rwanda. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 51(1), 81–92. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-015-1130-2

Wallston, K. (2007). Perceived control. In S. Ayers, A. Baum, C. McManus, S. Newman, K. Wallston, J. Weinman, & R. West (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of psychology, health and medicine (2nd ed., pp. 148–150). New York: Cambridge University Press.

Wendt, D., & Shafer, K. (2015). Gender and attitudes about mental health help seeking: results from national data. Health and Social Work, 41(1), e20–e28. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/hsw/hlv089

World Health Organization. (2022). Adolescent and young adult health. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescents-health-risks-and-solutions


Article Metrics

 Abstract Views : 884 times
 PDF Downloaded : 298 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 I Dewa Ayu Srideswari Putri

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.