Dialek Ngapak dan Stratifikasi Sosial: Kajian Perbedaan Kosakata di Desa Srowot dan Desa Karangjati

Abstract

This study analyzes the differences in ngapak dialect vocabulary in Srowot and Karangjati Village based on age, gender, and education. Previous studies have mainly discussed the ngapak dialect without highlighting vocabulary differences influenced by social factors in specific regions. This research adopts a sociolinguistic approach, referring to Labov's theory of language variation, which emphasizes that the speaker's social background influences linguistic variation. Data were collected through structured interviews with informants selected using purposive sampling: speakers aged 20–39 (younger group) and over 40 years old (older group), male and female, with low education (maximum elementary school) and high education (maximum higher education). The research instrument was a list of 367 vocabulary items derived from the Swadesh list. Data validity was ensured through source triangulation and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. The results reveal vocabulary differences in the Ngapak dialect between Srowot and Karangjati villages across the aspects of age, gender, and education. For example, older speakers in Karangjati refer to 'socks' as striwel, while younger speakers and all speakers in Srowot use the term kaos kaki. For the word 'fast', male speakers use gelis and ngengkrek, whereas female speakers prefer gageh and gagian. Educational background also plays a role, as seen in using ngingsor (by low-educated speakers in Srowot) and ngisor (by highly educated speakers). This study contributes to a deeper understanding of vocabulary variation in the ngapak dialect and serves as a basis for dialect-based educational materials and revitalization programs in local communities.