Effect of Variation in Pineapple Leaf Fiber Composition with Polyurethane Matrix in Composite Panels on Acoustic Properties and Porosity

Putra Adil - Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang, Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Padang 25131
Yenni Darvina - Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang, Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Padang 25131
- Ramli - Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang, Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Padang 25131
Rio Anshari - Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang, Jl. Prof. Dr. Hamka Air Tawar Padang 25131

Abstract


Noise can cause medical, psychological, and environmental disturbances. One of the efforts to reduce noise is by using acoustic materials. Acoustic materials can be made using natural fiber composites. This study uses pineapple leaf fiber as fiber and polyurethane as a matrix that will be formed into a sound-absorbing composite panel. This study aims are to determine the effect of variations in the composition of pineapple fiber-reinforced composites with polyurethane matrix on acoustic properties and porosity, determine the effect of frequency on acoustic properties, and determine the relationship between porosity and acoustic properties. The method used in this research uses a characterization tool in the form of a one-microphone impedance tube and porosity test equipment. Composite panels are made by varying the composition of pineapple leaf fibers with polyurethane matrix with the ratio of pineapple leaf fiber composition to polyurethane matrix, namely 50%: 50%, 60%: 40%, 70%: 30%, 80%: 20% and 90%: 10%. Based on the research, it was  found that the more the amount of pineapple leaf fiber composition is used, the absorption coefficient, sound transmission loss, and prostitution will increase while the reflection coefficient decreases. The higher the frequency used, the absorption coefficient and sound transmission loss will increase while the reflection coefficient decreases for all frequencies. The relationship between porosity and acoustic properties is that the higher the porosity, the absorption coefficient and sound transmission loss will increase while the reflection coefficient decreases

Full Text:

PDF

References


W. Nugroho, “Penentuan Koefisien Redaman Getaran Bahan Pelapis Plat Dek Kapal,” Wave J. Ilm. Teknol. Marit., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 47–52, 2019, doi: 10.29122/jurnalwave.v6i2.3331.

Balirante, Meylinda, L. Lefrandt, and M. Kumaat, “Analisa Tingkat Kebisingan Lalu Lintas di Jalan Raya Ditinjau Dari Tingkat Baku Mutu Kebisingan Yang Diizinkan,” J. Sipil Statik, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 249–256, 2020.

W. Hayat, Syakbaniah, and Y. Darvina, “Pengaruh Kerapatan terhadap Koefisien Absorbsi Bunyi Papan Partikel Serat Daun Nenas,” J. Pillar Physycs, vol. 1, no. April, pp. 44–51, 2013.

A. dkk Khuriati, “Disain Peredam Suara Berbahan Dasar Sabut Kelapa Dan Pengukuran Koefisien Penyerapan Bunyinya,” Berk. Fis., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 43-53–53, 2006.

N. Yulfriska, Y. Darvina, Y. Yulkifli, and R. Ramli, “Microstructure of magnetite - Polyvinylidene fluoride (Fe3O4/PVDF) nanocomposite prepared by spin coating method,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1185, no. 1, 2019, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1185/1/012025.

Asfarizal, “Karakteristik Komposit Berbasis Serat Kelapa dan Komposit Berbasis Serat Aren The characteristics of Coconut Fiber-Based Composites and Sugar Fiber-Based Composites,” J. Tek. Mesin, vol. Vol 6, no. 1, pp. 24–31, 2016.

R. Ratnawulan, R. Ramli, A. Fauzi, and A. E. Sukma Hayati, “Synthesis and characterization of polystyrene/cuo-fe2o3 nanocomposites from natural materials as hydrophobic photocatalytic coatings,” Crystals, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2021, doi: 10.3390/cryst11010031.

Permatasari, “Penentuan Koefisien Serap Bunyi Papan Partikel Dari Limbah Tongkol Jagung,” J. Fis. Unnes, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 79808, 2014.

R. Eriningsih, M. Widodo, and R. Marlina, “Pembuatan Dan Karakterisasi Peredam Suara Dari Bahan Baku Serat Alam,” Arena Tekst., vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2014, doi: 10.31266/at.v29i1.838.

H. Fahmi and D. N. Arifin, “Pengaruh Variasi Komposisi Komposit Resin Epoxy/Serat Glass Dan Serat Daun Nanas Terhadap Ketangguhan,” J. Tek. Mesin, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 84–89, 2014.

D. G. E. P. Putu, K. Suarsana, and C. I. P. KK, “Pengaruh Variasi Komposisi Komposit Matrik Aluminium Berpenguat Sicw/Al2O3 Dengan Wetting Agent Terhadap Densitas, Porositas, dan Kekerasan,” J. Ilm. Tek. Desain Mek., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 7–12, 2018.

S. K. Acharya, P. Mishra, and S. K. Mehar, “Effect of surface treatment on the mechanical properties of bagasse fiber reinforced polymer composite,” BioResources, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 3155–3165, 2011.

M. P. Aji, “Komparasi Kuat Tekan Komposit Berbahan Dasar Serbuk Polyvinyl Acetate Limbah Kaca Den,” J. MIPA, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 140–144, 2012.

K. Syirpia, R. Jonuarti, and Y. Darvina, “The effect of variations of bagasse sugarcane fiber composition with plastic / polypropylene waste matrix and paper sludge filler on acoustic testing on composite panels,” vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2022.

N. Hafifah et al., “Pemanfaatan Limbah Daun Nanas ( Ananas Comosus ) Untuk Panel Akustik Sebagai Absorpsi Kebisingan,” vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 467–473, 2022.

N. Arafah, N. Noerati, and D. Sugiyana, “Pemanfaatan serat rami (boehmeria nivea) sebagai material peredam suara untuk bangunan rumah,” Arena Tekst., vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 31–38, 2021, doi: 10.31266/at.v36i1.6521.

Rino Arwanda and Ridwan Abdullah Sani, “Koefisien Absorpsi Bunyi Pada Bahan Beton Komposit Serat Daun Nanas Dengan Menggunakan Metode Tabung Impedansi,” EINSTEIN (e-Journal), pp. 52–55, 2019.

T. Rihayat and M. Mashura, “Pelapis poliuretan berbasis minyak jarak dan bentonit sebagai ketahanan panas,” J. Sains dan Teknol. Reaksi, vol. 16, no. 2, 2018.

W. H. Nugroho, N. J. H. Purnomo, H. Zen, and A. Rahmadiansah, “Kajian Eksperimental Koefisien Redaman Akustik Bahan Pelapis Plat Dek Kapal,” R.E.M. (Rekayasa Energi Manufaktur) J., vol. 3, no. 1, p. 41, 2018, doi: 10.21070/r.e.m.v3i1.1511.

R. H. Setyanto, “Review : Teknik Manufaktur Komposit Hijau dan Aplikasinya,” Performa, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 9–18, 2012.

P. Pratiwi, H. Fahmi, and G. Saputra, “Pengaruh Panjang Serat terhadap Sifat Akustik Komposit Berpenguat Serat Kulit Buah Pinang dengan Matrik Epoxy Effect of Fibres Length on Acoustic Properties of Betel Nut Husk ( Areca Nut Husk ) Fibers – Reinforced Epoxy Composites,” vol. 9, no. 2, 2019.

Firman, M. Hasbi, and P. Aksar, “Studi Eksperimen Kekuatan Mekanik Daun Nanas Hutan Dengan Metode Pengujian Tarik,” J. Ilim. Mhs. Tek. Mesin, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2018.

D. A. Russell, “Absorption Coefficients and Impedance,” pp. 1–6.

E. D. Nurcahya et al., “Analisa Akustik Sebagai Dasar Perancangan Ruangan Studio ( Studi Kasus studio Audio Video Recording Akademi Komunitas Negeri Pacitan ) Akademi Komunitas Negeri Pacitan,” vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 19–28, 2021.

A. F. Firdaus, C. Kencanawati, and I. G. N. Priambadi, “Pengaruh Variasi Fraksi Volume Serat Kulit Buah Pinang dengan Getah Pinus sebagai Biocomposite terhadap Kekuatan Tarik dan Porositas,” J. Ilm. Tek. Desain Mek., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 529–532, 2019.

R. Fauziah and Y. Darvina, “Effect of the Volume of Banana Fiber As a Polymer Composite Amplifier With Polyester Resin Matrix on the Sound Absorption of Acoustic Materials,” vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 44–51, 2022.

I. S. O. Acoustics, “sound absorbers for use in buildings. Rating of sound absorption. International Standard ISO 11654: 1997, Geneva, Switzerland,” Int. Organ. Stand., 1997.

Lindawati, “Karakteristik akustik panel serat aren dengan bahan perekat LATEX Lindawati,” J. Inotera, vol. 2, no. 1, 2017.

A. Aljabir, “Analisis Pengaruh Ketebalan Komposit Poliester Berpenguat Nanoselulosa Dan Fiberglass Terhadap Sound Transmission Class Pada Door Trim Mobil.” Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, 2019.

A. Maghfirah, H. Meilanda, E. Marlianto, and M. Iskandar, “Pemanfaatan Serat Cangkang Kulit Kopi Dalam Pembuatan Beton Polimer Dengan Resin Polyester Sebagai Perekat,” J. Ilmu Fis. dan Teknol., vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 51–61, 2019.

S. ISO 5636-5, “Water Absorbent Capacity of Sized Paper, Paperboard, and Corrugated Fibreboard,” 2013.

P. Mutia, N. Ngatijo, and H. D. Fahyuan, “Pengaruh Jenis Serat Alam Terhadap Koefisien Absorpsi Bunyi Sebagai Peredam Kebisingan,” J. Ilmu Fis. dan Pembelajarannya, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 18–23, 1970, doi: 10.19109/jifp.v3i1.3175.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/14571171074