KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL ANAK BERKESULITAN BELAJAR DI SEKOLAH DASAR INKLUSIF

Marlina Marlina

Abstract


Abstrak

Fungsi-fungsi sosial pada anak berkesulitan belajar menunjukkan bahwa mereka bermasalah dalam memiliki kelompok teman sebaya, diisolasi oleh teman sebaya, bermasalah dengan keterampilan sosial, dan sebagian besar mereka memiliki status sosial yang lebih rendah di antara teman sebayanya di sekolah dasar inklusif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efektivitas peer mediated intervention (PMI) untuk meningkatkan keterampilan sosial pada anak berkesulitan belajar di sekolah dasar inklusif. Penelitian ini menggunakan single subject design dengan model multiple baseline across subject. Lima (5) anak berkesulitan belajar sebagai anak target. Lima (5) peer mediator dipilih dan dilatih untuk menerapkan PMI dalam pelajaran bahasa Indonesia (membaca ulang). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan PMI efektif meningkatkan keterampilan sosial yaitu pada anak target TS rerata baseline 4,73 meningkat menjadi 9,33; anak target KY rerata baseline 4,07 meningkat menjadi 9,05; anak target HL rerata baseline 3,88 meningkat menjadi 8,12; anak target RA rerata baseline 3,36 meningkat menjadi 7,81; dan anak target KA rerata baseline 3,14 meningkat menjadi 7,5. PMI juga efektif mengurangi frekuensi kesalahan membaca anak target pada fase baseline sebesar 7,49 menurun menjadi 4,11 selama intervensi.

Kata kunci :peer mediated intervention, kecakapan sosial, anak berkesulitan belajar

 

Abstract

The social functioning of children with learning disabilities has indicated that they have problems belong to peer groups, deficits in social skills, isolated and most have lower social status among peers in inclusive elementary schools. This study aims to test the effectiveness of peer mediated intervention (PMI) to improve social skills at children with learning disabilities in inclusive elementary schools. The study used a single-subject design with multiple baseline across subject. Five (5) children with mild learning disabilities and five (5) trained peer mediator to apply PMI in the lessons Indonesian (repeated reading). The results showed that PMI was effective for improving the social skills for the children with learning disabilities respectively are: the TS’s average baseline was 4,73 increased to 9,33; the KY’s average baseline was 4,07 increased to 9,05; the HL’s average baseline was 3,88 increased to 8,12; the RA’s average baseline was 3,36 increased to 7,81; and the KA’s average baseline was 3,14 KA increased to 7,5. PMI also decreased the frequency of reading mistakes at the children with learning disabilities from baseline phase to intervention phase from the average 7,49 to 4,11.

Keyword: peer mediated intervention, kecakapan sosial, anak berkesulitan

 


 


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