Pengaruh Penambahan Zat Aditif Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) Terhadap Kualitas Plastik Biodegradable Berbasis Selulosa Bakteri-Gliserol Dari Air Kelapa (Cocos nucifera)

Abstract

Biodegradable plastics are plastics that can be decomposed or easily degraded by the activity of microorganisms. The aims of this study is to determine the effect of adding concentration variations of Polyvinyl alcohol additives to biodegradable plastics and determine the characteristics of the physical, mechanical and biodegradation of biodegradable plastics. This study used 3,5% glycerol as a plasticizer with PVA mass variations, namely 2 gr, 4 gr, 6 gr and 8 gr. The physical properties test results obtained, namely the percentage content and swelling test values, decreased as the mass of PVA was added. The optimum results of the characteristics of the mechanical properties of plastic are the addition of 8 gr PVA with a tensile strength value of 126.71 MPa, elongation of 4.19% and elasticity of 290.14 MPa. In biodegradation testing, tests were carried out on SB, SBG and SBG-PVA samples where with the addition of PVA the plastic degraded more slowly. Characteristics of functional groups using FTIR showed that no new functional groups were formed and the characteristics of plastic crystallinity using XRD for pure SB plastic were 63.68%, SBG was 67.94%, and SBG-PVA was 89.03%.